![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() The recruiting officer Palamedes smells a rat when Odysseus begins sowing a field with salt, so he places the infant Telemachus in the path of the plough, forcing Odysseus to swerve and reveal that he is sane. In a rare instance of the wily Odysseus being outwitted, the ruse fails. He is not predisposed to war: he initially resists the call to arms against the Trojans, feigning madness to avoid enlistment. He experiences life as a king and a vagabond. Odysseus is son to Laertes, husband to Penelope, father to Telemachus, and lover to Calypso. James Joyce claimed that he used the Odyssey as the mythical framework for his modern epic Ulysses because the poem’s wandering hero was the most complete man in all literature. ![]()
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